Antenna coupler and mount for mobile radio terminals

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to a holder ( 1 ) for a mobile radio terminal ( 0 ) and an antenna coupler for a mobile radio terminal. The holder is provided with an interface ( 50 ) for connection of an external antenna, in particular of a motor vehicle antenna, and with a coupling structure for electromagnetic coupling of RF signals between the holder ( 1 ) and the antenna of a mobile radio terminal ( 0 ) which is located in the holder. The coupling structure is arranged in the holder ( 1 ) in such a way that, when the mobile radio terminal ( 0 ) is inserted, the coupling structure is positioned in the vicinity of the mobile radio terminal ( 0 ). The coupling structure is in the form of a two-layer or multilayer coupling structure with two or more coupling structure elements ( 2, 3 ) arranged one above the other.

The invention relates to an antenna coupler for mobile radio terminalswhich is provided with an interface for connection of an externalantenna, in particular a motor vehicle antenna, and a coupling structurefor electromagnetic coupling of RF signals between the antenna couplerand the antenna of a mobile radio terminal which is located in thevicinity of the antenna coupler. The invention also relates to a holderfor a mobile radio terminal, which is provided with an interface forconnection of an external antenna, in particular of a motor vehicleantenna, and with a coupling structure for electromagnetic coupling ofRF signals between the holder and the antenna of a mobile radio terminalwhich is located in the holder, and in which the coupling structure isarranged in the holder in such a way that, when the mobile radioterminal is inserted, the coupling structure is positioned in thevicinity of the mobile radio terminal.

Nowadays, a very wide range of variations and embodiments of mobileradio terminals are available. Some of these mobile radio terminals arenot equipped with an antenna socket for connection of an externalantenna.

In order to make it possible to operate these mobile radio terminalswith an external antenna despite this, antenna couplers are known whichallow electromagnetic coupling of RF signals between the antenna couplerand the antenna of the mobile radio terminal.

By way of example, DE 10 037 241 A1 describes a holder for a cellulartelephone for installation in a passenger compartment of a motorvehicle, which holder is equipped with a coupling antenna. This couplingantenna allows capacitive coupling of the RF signal between the antennaof the mobile radio terminal and the holder for the cellular telephonewhen the mobile radio terminal is inserted. A connecting line connectsthe coupling antenna to an external antenna. The holder for a cellulartelephone has an attachment element, for example a magnet, which holdsthe mobile radio terminal in the holder for a cellular telephone.

In this case, the coupling antenna comprises a dipole structure with anelectrical length of λ/4, which is composed of metal or of anelectrically highly conductive plastic and is angled. In this case, atleast part of the coupling antenna runs in a holding element on theupper face of the holder for a cellular telephone, so that not only arethose RF signals which are emitted laterally from the mobile radioantenna injected, but also the RF signals which are emitted upwards.This improves the transmission quality of the RF signals.

DE 19 953 648 A1 describes a modular dual-band planar coupler forcoupling an external antenna to a mobile radio terminal. This antennacoupler comprises a conductive plate or foil with a conductive structurewhich is in the form of a slot, which are composed of one or moreconductive waveguide segments in the form of slots, with the innerconductor and the outer conductor of a coaxial waveguide each beingconductively connected to the conductive plate or foil on the oppositeedges of the slotted conductor. The axis of the inner conductor is inthis case guided orthogonally with respect to the normal to the surfaceof the conductive plate or foil, and at right angles to the axis of theslotted conductor. The structured conductive plate or foil is arrangedwithout making any conductive contact and parallel to the surface of thesystem-integrated object antenna element and above the antenna elementapparatus of the object antenna element.

Furthermore, antenna couplers in the form of coils or metal eyes areknown, which are fitted to the antenna of a mobile telephone.

The invention is now based on the object of connecting a mobile radioterminal which is not equipped with an antenna socket to an externalantenna, and of keeping the coupling loss as small as possible in theprocess.

This object is achieved by an antenna coupler for mobile radio terminalswhich is provided with an interface for connection to an externalantenna, in particular a motor vehicle antenna, and with a couplingstructure for electromagnetic coupling of RF signals between the antennacoupler and the antenna of a mobile radio terminal which is located inthe vicinity of the antenna coupler, in which the coupling structure isin the form of a two-layer or multilayer coupling structure with two ormore coupling structure elements arranged one above the other. Theinvention also relates to a holder for mobile radio terminals which isprovided with an interface for connection to an external antenna, inparticular a motor vehicle antenna, and having a coupling structure forelectromagnetic coupling of RF signals between the holder and theantenna of a mobile radio terminal which is located in the holder, withthe coupling structure being arranged in the holder in such a way that,when the mobile radio terminal is inserted, the coupling structure ispositioned in the vicinity of the mobile radio terminal, and thecoupling structure is in the form of a two-layer or multilayer couplingstructure with two or more coupling structure elements arranged oneabove the other.

The invention provides particularly low-loss electromagnetic couplingbetween typical internal antennas of mobile radio terminals which have apronounced direction characteristic and are generally operated in two ormore different frequency bands (dual-band, tri-band) and externalantennas. Investigations have shown that coupling structure elementswhich are arranged physically one behind the other in this way make itpossible to greatly reduce coupling losses even when the individualcoupling structure elements have a planar configuration. The inventionis in this case based on the discovery that, in the specific conditionsof this field of application (antenna and coupler arranged very close toone another, strong directional characteristic of the mobile radioantenna, operation in two or more frequency bands, frequency bands beingused) a spatial arrangement of a plurality of coupling structuresarranged one behind the other improves the electromagnetic coupling andthus makes it possible to reduce the coupling loss. It has been foundthat a spatial arrangement of two or more coupling structure elementssuch as this makes it possible to inject greater field components intothe coupling structure than in the case of planar antenna couplingstructures, even when the distance between the coupling structures is ina range in which impedance-transforming characteristics are notachieved, as a result of the separation.

This results in the following particular advantages when used withinvehicles:

The field strength within the vehicle is reduced. The shielding effectof the vehicle bodywork means that the mobile radio terminal would haveto be operated at a higher power level without the use of the invention.This therefore avoids considerably higher field strengths occurring, dueto resonance effects, than in the open air (that is to say outside thevehicle). Furthermore, the electrical field which is produced by themobile radio terminal also affects the electronics located in thevehicle, and can lead to interference with such electronics.Furthermore, this avoids a reduction in the cell size of radio cells.The radiation field of a mobile radio terminal is also normally highlydisturbed by the effects of the bodywork. The invention thus reduces theprobability of the occurrence of a reception hole with the consequenceof reduced speech quality, possibly up to connection termination ornon-accessibility.

Advantageous refinements of the invention are specified in the dependentclaims.

It has been found to be particularly advantageous for the two or morecoupling structure elements to be arranged at a distance from oneanother and on essentially mutually parallel planes. The couplingstructure elements are in this case preferably arranged one above theother at a distance of three to six millimeters from one another. Anarrangement such as this is on the one hand particularly well matched tothe emission characteristic of mobile radio terminals and to thefrequency bands used by mobile radio terminals, and on the other handcan be manufactured easily and at low cost.

Further advantages are obtained in this case when the two or morecoupling structure elements are oriented one behind the otheressentially at right angles to the main emission direction of the mobileradio terminal. This makes it possible to increase the proportion of thefield components which can be injected.

Furthermore, the proportion of the field components which can beinjected can be increased by arranging the coupling structure elementsas far away from one another as possible within the scope of the spacewhich is available in the holder. For example, a first couplingstructure element is thus arranged in the immediate vicinity of theupper face of the holder, and a second coupling structure element isarranged in the immediate vicinity of the lower face of the holder.

It is also advantageous to separate the coupling structure elements byfractions of the wavelength, in particular λ/4 or more, and thus to makeuse of additionally created impedance-transforming characteristics ofthe coupling structure. In order to improve the matching to two or morefrequency bands which are used by the mobile radio terminal, it is inthis case advantageous to use three, four or more coupling structureelements, which are each appropriately separated from one another.

A particularly low coupling loss can be achieved in two or moredifferent frequency ranges by one coupling structure element beingcomposed of two or more differently shaped structure elements which areintended for different wavelength ranges. In this case, when using twosuch structure elements, it has been found to be advantageous for onecoupling structure element to be formed from two structure elementswhose orientation directions are rotated through 90°. According to afurther preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention, it is alsopossible to optimize different coupling structure elements for differentwavelength ranges.

It is expedient to produce one coupling structure element from aconductive material which is applied to one face of a mount substrate,in particular of a board. It is also possible to apply two or morestructure elements composed of a conductive material to the mountmaterial and to connect one or more of these structure elements to oneanother by means of capacitors or coils in order to match the antennacoupler to a specific mobile radio terminal. A procedure such as thisresults in advantages in production: the mount substrate with the two ormore structure elements can be produced in greater quantities fordifferent mobile radio terminal types, since the coupling structureelement which is in each case used for one specific mobile radioterminal type can be individually matched to the particular emissioncharacteristic of this mobile radio terminal type. This results in asolution which links low production costs with low coupling loss.

According to one preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention, thetwo or more coupling structure elements are composed of a conductivematerial which is applied to a respectively associated thin dielectricmount substrate body, with the dielectric mount substrate bodies beingarranged one above the other at a distance from one another. Forexample, the coupling structure may comprise two or more boards whichare arranged one above the other and on each of which conductivesurfaces coupling structure elements are provided. This results in anantenna coupler which can be produced easily from the production pointof view and has a low coupling loss. Further advantages can be achievedby the antenna coupler having one or more electrical connectingelements, which are arranged between mount substrate bodies. Couplingstructure elements or structure elements of coupling structure elementsare coupled to one another by means of these electrical connectingelements.

The electrical connecting elements preferably each have one or moreelectrically conductive contact elements which are mounted in a sprungform and engage on correspondingly shaped contact surfaces. This on theone hand simplifies assembly, while on the other hand increasing theoperational reliability and life of the antenna coupler. This results inadvantages in particular in the motor vehicle field, since vibration andmajor temperature fluctuations act on the antenna coupler when theholder is installed in a motor vehicle.

It has also been found to be advantageous to arrange an RF couplingelement on a first mount substrate in order to couple two or morestructure elements of a coupling structure element which are applied toa second mount substrate body. This makes it possible to match thecharacteristic impedance of the antenna coupler more precisely.

It is also expedient to produce the mount substrate body from a flexiblematerial. It has been found to be advantageous for the uppermostcoupling structure element, which is located closest to the mobile radioterminal, to be arranged as close as possible to the antenna of themobile radio terminal. If the mount substrate body of this couplingstructure element is produced from a flexible material, then the mountsubstrate body can be merged with the shape of the mobile radio terminalso that the distance between the antenna of the mobile radio terminaland this coupling structure element is very short.

These advantages can also be achieved by the uppermost couplingstructure element being connected to the housing of the holder, inparticular by adhesive bonding. The uppermost coupling structure elementcan in this case be arranged on the outside of the housing of the holderor on the inner face of the housing of the holder. The arrangement onthe inner face of the housing in this case has the advantage that thefailure probability of the antenna coupler is reduced, and the life ofthe antenna coupler is increased. In this case, it is advantageous forthe uppermost coupling structure element to be arranged on the innerface of the housing of the holder in the immediate vicinity of theantenna of the mobile radio terminal.

Further advantages can be obtained from the mount substrate body havingone or more internal milled areas which are arranged between theconductor surfaces of the coupling structure element. The capability totune the antenna coupler is improved by removal of dielectric material.

The invention will be explained by way of example in the following textwith reference to a number of exemplary embodiments and with referenceto the attached drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a holder according to theinvention for a mobile radio terminal having an antenna coupleraccording to the invention.

FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a coupling structure element for the antennacoupler as shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a coupling structure element for an antennacoupler as shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a coupling structure element for an antennacoupler as shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a holder according to theinvention for a mobile radio terminal according to a further exemplaryembodiment of the invention.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of a holder according to theinvention for a mobile radio terminal according to a further exemplaryembodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a holder 1, an antenna coupler formed from two couplingstructure elements 2 and 3 and an electrical connecting element 4, aninterface unit 50, a connecting cable 51, an external antenna 52 and amobile radio terminal 0.

The mobile radio terminal 0 may be one of the mobile radio terminalsfrom different manufacturers which can also operate on the basis ofdifferent mobile radio standards. For example, these may be GSMterminals (GSM=Global System for Mobile Communication) or UMTS terminals(UMTS=Universal Mobile Telecommunications System). The mobile radioterminal 0 is preferably in this case a mobile radio terminal which cancommunicate using two or more frequency bands.

The holder 1 is designed such that it can mechanically hold a mobileradio terminal as described above. In addition to purely mechanicalretention, it is advantageous for the holder 1 to have a holdingapparatus which fixes the mobile radio terminal within the holder. Byway of example, this holding apparatus may be a magnet, a holdingbracket or an element which produces a mechanical clamping effect.

It is also advantageous for the holder 1 to have a connecting elementwhich engages in an interface on the mobile radio terminal 0 when themobile radio terminal 0 is inserted in the holder 1 to its limitposition. By way of example, this interface may be a control interfaceand/or an interface for an external power supply.

The holder 1 is also designed such that it is suitable for installationin motor vehicles. By way of example, it may have appropriate cutoutsfor this purpose, by means of which it can be connected to the motorvehicle via attachment means. It is also furthermore possible for theholder 1 to be designed in two parts. On the one hand, it may have aholding apparatus which is mechanically and/or electrically matched tothe specific mobile radio terminal and in which the antenna coupler isalso integrated. On the other hand, it may also have a base part whichcan be mechanically connected to the motor vehicle. In this case, astandard mechanical and/or electrical connection can be provided betweenthe holding apparatus and the base part, so that different holdingapparatuses for different mobile radio terminal types can bemechanically and/or electrically connected to one and the same basepart.

It is, of course, also possible for the holder 1 to be usable for otherfields of application as well.

The antenna coupler is connected to the interface device 50 viaconnecting lines. By way of example, the interface device 50 is aconnecting socket for connection of a coaxial cable. However, theinterface device 50 may also be a simple conductive connection. Theconnecting cable 51 connects the interface device 50 to the externalantenna 52. The external antenna 52 is, for example, the externalantenna of a motor vehicle. However, the external antenna 52 may also bean antenna which is arranged within the motor vehicle and, for example,is fitted in the area of the window surface.

It is also possible to dispense with the interface device 50 and toconnect the connecting cable 51 directly to the antenna coupler 1, forexample by soldering it to the coupling structure element 3.

In addition to the antenna coupler, the holder 1 may also containfurther assemblies which, for example, provide functions for ahands-free device, a navigation system, etc. For this purpose, theholder 1 may also have input and output means, for example microphones,loudspeakers, displays, etc.

The coupling structure elements 2 and 3 are each composed of aconductive material which is applied to one face of a thin mountsubstrate, in particular of a board. It is also possible to dispensewith the mount substrate in this case by forming the coupling structureelement from a conductive material of a thickness to provide sufficientmechanical robustness.

The two coupling structure elements 2 and 3 are arranged on essentiallymutually parallel planes and are separated from one another by about 3.5mm. The distance between the coupling structure elements 2 and 3 may inthis case be varied as a function of the mobile radio terminal that isused and the dielectric constants of the mount materials that are used,as well as the distance between the coupling structure element 2 and theantenna of the mobile radio terminal 0. Investigations have shown thatit is preferable to arrange the coupling structure elements 2 and 3 at adistance of more than 3 mm from one another.

Two preferred embodiments of the coupling structure element 2 are shownin FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. One preferred embodiment of the coupling structureelement 3 is shown in FIG. 4.

Furthermore, it is also possible for the coupling structure elements 2and 3 not to be arranged on mutually parallel planes but, for example,to have a concave or angled shape, in order to match the couplingstructure elements better to the emission characteristic of the mobileradio terminal being used. Furthermore, it is also possible for thispurpose to choose the distance between the coupling structure elements 2and 3 to be different in places.

The electrical connecting element 4 produces a two-core or multicoreelectrical connection between the coupling structure elements 2 and 3.It is preferably formed from a base body composed of a non-conductivematerial in which one or more electrically conductive contact elements,which are mounted in a sprung form, are guided. The connecting element 4is, for example, soldered at one end to conductor tracks on the couplingstructure element 3, and is thus firmly connected to the couplingstructure element 3. The electrically conductive contact elements of theconnecting element 4 engage at the other end on appropriately shapedcontact surfaces on the coupling structure element 2.

It is, of course, also possible for the electrical connecting element 4to be formed by a cable or by one or more wire pins which, separatedfrom one another, produce a conductive contact between conductive areasof the coupling structure elements 2 and 3.

FIG. 2 shows a view of one face of the coupling structure element 1. Inthis exemplary embodiment, the coupling structure element is formed by athin, non-conductive substrate and by structure elements which areapplied to this substrate and are composed of conductive material.

The coupling structure element 2 thus has a dielectric body 21 and twostructure elements 22 and 23, which are formed from the conductivematerial and have two coupling points 24 and 25.

The dielectric body 21 is preferably a board. The material used for thedielectric body 21 is FR4 material, which has a dielectric constant of4.5 to 6, preferably of about 4.5. Furthermore it is also possible touse a ceramic mount or RT Duroid as the substrate. The use of a ceramicmount allows the size of the coupling structure to be reduced. Thethickness of the dielectric body 21 is about 0.1 to 0.5 mm. In thiscase, it is advantageous to make the dielectric body 21 even thinner.

The thickness of the conductive layer from which the structure elements22 and 23 are formed is preferably 35 μm to 70 μm, but it may also bethicker or thinner. A metal, for example copper, is used as theconductive material. However, the conductive material may also be aconductive plastic.

As is shown in FIG. 2, the structure elements 22 and 23 are shapeddifferently and are intended for different wavelength ranges. Thestructure element 22 is intended for the 1800 MHz band. The structureelement 23 is intended for the 900 MHz band. As can be seen from FIG. 2,the structure element 22 is oriented horizontally, and the structureelement 23 is oriented vertically.

In this case, the coupling structure element 22 is in the form of a loopwhich is not entirely closed, whose length is about 14 mm, and whosewidth is about 5 mm. The width of the conductor track from which thecoupling structure element 22 is formed is about 1 mm.

The coupling structure element 23 has an elongated spiral shape. Thelength of the spiral formed in this way is about 25 mm, and its width isabout 8 mm.

FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the coupling structureelements 22 and 23.

FIG. 3 shows a coupling structure element 8 which is formed from twostructure elements 82 and 83 composed of a thin conductor material and adielectric body 81.

The structure elements 82 and 83 are differently shaped, with thestructure element 82 being intended for the 1800 MHz band, and thestructure element 83 being intended for the 900 MHz band. The twostructure elements 82 and 83 are also oriented differently. For example,the structure element 82 is oriented vertically, and the couplingstructure element 83 is oriented horizontally. The structure element 82has a spiral shape. The structure element 83 has a meandering shape.

It is also possible for the dimensions of the structure elements 22, 23,84 and 85 to be varied in order to match them to the frequency bandsused by the mobile radio terminal, to the dielectric constants of thedielectric bodies used, and to the distance between them and the antennaof the mobile radio terminal. Furthermore, it is also possible tointerchange the structure elements 22 and 82 or 23 and 83 with oneanother, or to couple them to one another within the respective couplingstructure element itself.

FIG. 4 shows the coupling structure element 3, which is formed from adielectric body 39 and a plurality of structure elements 321, 322, 323,324, 31 and 33 which are composed of a thin electrically conductivematerial. The structure elements 321, 322, 323, 324 and 31 can beconnected to the structure element 33 by means of capacitors. Thisallows the antenna body to be tuned to the respective mobile radioterminal. By way of example, the structure elements 321 and 31 are thusconnected to the structure element 33 via capacitors (not shown in FIG.4). Milled areas 341, 342, 343 and 344 are provided between thestructure elements 321 to 324, 31 and 33. Internal milled areas such asthese could also be formed on the dielectric bodies 21 and 81.

Furthermore, the dielectric body 31 has a combiner 35, which isconnected to the electrical connecting element 4. The combiner 35 isused for coupling the coupling structure elements 24 and 25 as well as84 and 85 in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. The combiner 35 in this casecouples the structure elements by means of capacitors or coils to acoupling point 36.

Furthermore, the structure element 33 has one or more coupling points37. The inner conductor of the antenna cable is now connected to thecoupling point 36, and the outer conductor of the antenna cable isconnected to the coupling points 37.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of the mobile radio terminal 0 anda holder 6.

The holder 6 may be designed in a similar way to the holder 1 shown inFIG. 1. The holder 6 has a housing 61, two coupling structure elements62 and 63, an electrical connecting element 64 and a connecting cable.66. The connecting cable 66 is connected at one end to an externalantenna, preferably a vehicle antenna. At the other end, the connectingcable 66 is connected to an interface 65 for the coupling structureelement 63. The coupling structure elements 62 and 63 as well as theelectrical connecting element 64 form an antenna coupler for the mobileradio terminal 0, which has the interface 65 for connection of anexternal antenna.

A recess, through which the coupling structure element 62 is passed, isprovided in the housing 61 in the area of the antenna of the mobileradio terminal 0. The coupling structure element 62 is formed from athin, elastic mount substrate, to which a thin layer of conductivematerial is applied in order to form the coupling structure element.

The elastic mount material 62 is, for example, FR4 with a thickness of0.5 mm. By way of example, copper or aluminum is used as theelectrically conductive material. The shape of the conductive tracks ofthe coupling structure element 62 may correspond to that shown in FIG. 2and FIG. 3. In addition, the coupling structure element 63 may bedesigned in the same way as the coupling structure element 3 shown inFIG. 4.

FIG. 6 illustrates a further exemplary embodiment of the invention. FIG.6 shows a schematic illustration of the mobile radio terminal 0 and of aholder 7. The holder 7 has the functions and mechanical refinementsillustrated in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1. Furthermore, theholder 7 has a housing 71, three coupling structure elements 72, 73 and74, and three electrical connecting elements 75, 76 and 77.

By way of example, the coupling structure element 72 may be designed inthe same way as the coupling structure element 3 shown in FIG. 2, thecoupling structure element 73 may be designed in the same way as thecoupling structure element 8 shown in FIG. 3, and the coupling structureelement 74 may be designed in the same way as the coupling structureelement 3 shown in FIG. 4, with the difference that the combiner 35 andthe coupling points 36 and 37 for connection of the external antenna arearranged on the dielectric body of the coupling structure 73.

Furthermore, it is also possible for the coupling structures 72 and 73each to have only one structure element, for example one of thestructure elements shown in FIG. 2 or 3.

The electrical connecting elements 75 and 76 are formed in the same wayas the electrical connecting element 4 shown in FIG. 1. The electricalconnecting elements 75 and 76 are in this case preferably soldered toconductive areas of the coupling structure 73 and engage oncorrespondingly shaped contact surfaces of the coupling structures 72and 74 with contact pins which are mounted in a spun manner. Thecoupling structure 72 is arranged on the inner face of the housing 71 inthe immediate vicinity of the antenna of the mobile radio terminal 0,and is adhesively bonded to the inside of the housing. The couplingstructure 72 is in this case preferably formed from a foil element intowhich an appropriately shaped electrically conductive structure isintroduced, and which has an adhesive bonding surface for connection tothe inner face of the housing 72.

The electrical connecting element 77 is composed of a plug element witha plurality of contact pins which are mounted in a sprung form and areguided in a common body composed of a non-conductive material. Inaddition to connection of the external antenna, the electricalconnecting element 77 is also used for the connection of AF signals andfor the power supply.

1-19. (canceled)
 20. A holder for a mobile radio terminal, comprising: aholder having an interface for connecting to an external antenna, and acoupling structure for electromagnetic coupling of RF signals betweenthe holder and the antenna of the mobile radio terminal which is locatedin the holder; the coupling structure being arranged in the holder insuch a way that, when the mobile radio terminal is inserted, thecoupling structure is positioned underneath the mobile radio terminal inthe vicinity of the mobile radio; wherein the coupling structure is inthe form of a two-layer or multilayer coupling structure with two ormore coupling structure elements arranged one above the other onessentially mutually parallel planes, in which the two or more couplingstructure elements are arranged one above the other and separated fromone another by three to six millimeters, whereby a first couplingstructure element comprises two differently shaped structure elementswhich are intended for different wavelength ranges.
 21. The holder ofclaim 20, wherein the antenna is a motor vehicle antenna.
 22. The holderas claimed in claim 20, wherein the first coupling structure element hastwo or more structure elements whose orientation directions are rotatedthrough 90°.
 23. The holder as claimed in claim 20, wherein a secondcoupling structure element comprises two or more differently shapedstructure elements which are coupled to one another.
 24. The holder asclaimed in claim 20, wherein one coupling structure element is in eachcase composed of a conductive material which is applied to one face of amount substrate.
 25. The holder of claim 24, wherein the mount substrateis a board.
 26. The holder as claimed in claim 24, wherein two or morestructure elements composed of a conductive material are applied to themount substrate and can be connected to one another for tuning.
 27. Theholder as claimed in claim 26, wherein the structure elements areconnected to one an other by means of capacitors or coils
 28. The holderas claimed in claim 20, wherein the two or more coupling structureelements are each composed of a conductive material which is applied toa respectively associated thin dielectric mount substrate body and thedielectric mount substrate bodies are arranged one above the other, at adistance from one another.
 29. The holder as claimed in claim 28,wherein holder has one or more electrical connection elements which arearranged between mount substrate bodies.
 30. The holder as claimed inclaim 29, wherein one electrical connection element has one or moreelectrically conductive contact elements which are mounted in a sprungform and engage on correspondingly shaped contact surfaces.
 31. Theholder as claimed in claim 28, wherein an RF coupling element forcoupling two or more structure elements which-are applied to a secondmount substrate body is arranged on a first mount substrate body. 32.The holder as claimed in claim 28, wherein the mount substrate body iscomposed of a flexible material.
 33. The holder as claimed in claim 28,wherein the mount substrate body has one or more internal milled areaswhich are arranged between the conductor surfaces of coupling structureelements.
 34. The holder as claimed in claim 20, wherein the couplingstructure is arranged in the holder in such a way that, when the mobileradio is inserted, the coupling structure is positioned in the immediatevicinity of the antenna of the mobile radio.
 35. The holder as claimedin claim 20, wherein one coupling structure element is connected to thehousing of the holder.
 36. The holder as claimed in claim 35, whereinthe coupling structure is adhesively bonded to the housing.
 37. Theholder as claimed in claim 20, wherein one coupling structure element isarranged on the inner face of the housing of the holder, in theimmediate vicinity of the antenna of the mobile radio.
 38. The holder asclaimed in claim 20, wherein the two or more coupling structure elementsare arranged at a distance from one another on planes which areessentially parallel to one another, but the parallel planes beingaligned at right angles to the main emission direction of the mobileradio terminal.